Dark Matter and Dark Energy - Part 2

Dark matter and energy make up about 95% of the universe's total mass, as we discussed previously. We also have no idea where this mass comes from or what these so called dark substances really are. For an overview of dark matter and energy, refer to my previous post. In this post I will be discussing my personal theory of where these mysterious masses come from.

At the big bang, all known matter and energy began to expand outward from an infinitesimal single point of infinite mass and infinite density, along with space and time. From this moment, observed from WMAP's mapping of the cosmic background radiation, we have seen that matter and energy had small differences in density across the universe's horizon. Intuitively, you would think that because the big bang was the beginning of everything, all matter and energy should be distributed evenly across the cosmos. Luckily for us, the subtle differences in density of matter and energy is what gave rise to all particles and matter as we know it; without these small variations us and everything around us wouldn't exist.

You're probably asking yourself where these variations come from. The main reason is quantum fluctuations, which are small uncertainties arising from the quantum properties of matter. After these fluctuations, matter started to snowball into larger and larger constituents. These then began to be drawn together by gravity into things such as planets, galaxies and clusters. 

This is where dark matter comes in. Dark matter has provided a type of scaffolding for the entire universe. With its exceptional gravitational force, dark matter drew all of the normal matter into these large formations after the quantum fluctuations made atoms and matter as we know it possible. Dark matter does not appear to have come from the big bang, as normal matter has, but instead from a different origin. Because matter, energy, as well as space-time were created at the big bang and expanded into empty nothingness, dark matter and energy must have come from somewhere outside of our space-time continuum.

Dark matter and energy can both only be observed through they're effect on regular matter that we can see, mostly its gravitational influence. But we cannot actually see it, electromagnetic radiation does not interact with dark matter other than being bent through gravity as in the picture to the right, and no other forces seem to either besides gravity. According to string theory, gravity is the only force that can operate between different spacial reference frames, or universes for lack of a better term. In the future I will elaborate on the workings of string theory but for now this is all you need to know. What this means for dark matter is that it could be the matter of a completely different universe, but its gravity is still felt between the spatial gap. In my mind this shows where dark matter and energy come from. Since gravity is the only force that can be transferred between braneworlds (a set of spatial dimensions like ours, or a universe) and gravity is the only influence felt by dark matter in our universe, this shows me dark matter was not something that was created in our universe but something present in its own universe.

You may have noticed that I've mostly only talked about dark matter and not dark energy. Dark matter and energy have similar characteristics, and both are only observed through their gravitational influence. Dark matter provides the attractive force for galaxies to be drawn together, while dark energy provides the repulsive force, or negative gravity which is also allowed through string theory, which drives the universe's outward expansion. Both of these forms of gravity likely come from matter and energy of other universe's. 

There is no way to test this theory right now, but it is where I believe dark matter and energy originate from.